Umbilical cord blood therapies
There are now more than 80 diseases that can be treated with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) collected from umbilical cord blood. For some diseases, these treatments are the only therapy, and for others, they are only used when first-line treatments have failed or the disease is very aggressive.
- Allogeneic: The patient receives stem cells from a compatible donor, whether a sibling or unrelated donor.
- Autologous: The patient receives his or her own stem cells. By registering cord blood in a family bank, parents ensure that their child can use his or her own cells for autologous treatment or that an immediate family member can benefit from related allogeneic treatment.
Cancers
Leukemias (a cancer of the blood immune system)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Acute biphenotypic leukemia |  |  |
| Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) | | |
| Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) | | |
| Acute undifferentiated leukemia | | |
| Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) | | |
| Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) | | |
| Juvenile chronic myeloid leukemia (JCML) | | |
| Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) | | |
Myelodysplastic syndromes (also called pre-leukemias)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Refractory anemia | | |
| Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts | | |
| Refractory anemia with excess blasts | | |
| Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation | | |
| Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) | | |
Lymphomas (a cancer of the blood immune system)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Burkitt lymphoma) | | |
Solid tumors (not originating from blood or the immune system)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Neuroblastoma | | |
| Retinoblastoma | | |
| Medulloblastoma | | |
Blood disorders
Anemias (deficiency or malformation of red blood cells)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Aplastic anemia | | |
| Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia | | |
| Fanconi anemia | | |
| Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) | | |
Inherited red blood cell disorders
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Beta-thalassemia major | | |
| Diamond-Blackfan anemia | | |
| Pure red cell aplasia | | |
| Sickle cell disease | | |
Inherited platelet disorders
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Amégacaryocytose / Thrombocytopénie congénitale | | |
| Thrombasthénie de Glanzmann | | |
Inherited immune system disorders: severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| SCID with adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID) | | |
| X-linked SCID | | |
| SCID with absence of T and B cells | | |
| SCID with absence of T cells and normal B cells | | |
| Omenn syndrome | | |
Inherited immune system disorders: neutropenias
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Genetic infantile agranulocytosis (Kostmann syndrome) | | |
| Myelokathexis | | |
Inherited immune system disorders – Others
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Ataxia-telangiectasia | | |
| Nude lymphocyte syndrome | | |
| Common variable immunodeficiency | | |
| DiGeorge syndrome | | |
| Leukocyte adhesion deficiency | | |
| Lymphoproliferative disorders | | |
| X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (also called Epstein-Barr virus susceptibility) | | |
| Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome | | |
Myeloproliferative disorders
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Acute myelofibrosis | | |
| Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (myelofibrosis) | | |
| Polycythemia vera | | |
| Essential thrombocythemia | | |
Phagocyte disorders
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Chediak-Higashi syndrome | | |
| Chronic granulomatous disease | | |
| Neutrophil actin deficiency | | |
| Reticular dysgenesis | | |
Bone marrow cancers
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Multiple myeloma | | |
| Primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) | | |
| Secondary plasma cell leukemia | | |
| Waldenström macroglobulinemia | | |
Immune disorders
Inherited diseases (immune system and other organs)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Hypoplasia of cartilage and hair | | |
| Gunther's disease (erythropoietic porphyria) | | |
| Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome | | |
| Pearson syndrome | | |
| Shwachman-Diamond syndrome | | |
| Systemic mastocytosis | | |
Metabolic disorders
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) storage diseases
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Hunter syndrome (MPS II) | | |
| Hurler syndrome (MPS IH) | | |
| Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (MPS VI) | | |
| Morquio syndrome (MPS IV) | | |
| Sanfilippo syndrome (MPS III) | | |
| Scheie syndrome (MPS IS) | | |
Sly syndrome, beta-glucuronidase deficiency (MPS VII)
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease) | | |
Leukodystrophy disorders
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) / Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) | | |
| Krabbe disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy) | | |
| Metachromatic leukodystrophy | | |
| Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease | | |
Lysosomal storage diseases
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Niemann-Pick disease | | |
| Sandhoff disease | | |
| Wolman disease | | |
Inherited diseases - Others
| Diagnosis | Autologous | Allogeneic |
| Lesch-Nyhan syndrome | | |
| Osteopetrosis | | |
Clinical trials using stem cells
Neonatal stem cells are at the center of hundreds of clinical trials across a variety of conditions, highlighting their versatility and therapeutic potential. In some cases, they are a primary treatment option, while in others, they are explored when conventional therapies prove insufficient. These ongoing trials highlight the immense potential and promise that neonatal stem cells hold to transform the medical treatment landscape and offer hope to patients facing a variety of health challenges.
Neurological disorders
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Alzheimer's disease | | | |
| Autism | | | |
| Cerebral palsy | | | |
| Encephalopathy | | | |
| Developmental delay | | | |
| Hearing loss (acquired sensorineural) | | | |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | | | |
| Parkinson's disease | | | |
| Spinal cord injury | | | |
| Stroke | | | |
| Traumatic brain injury | | | |
Autoimmune diseases
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Alopecia areata | | | |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | | | |
| Crohn's disease | | | |
| Eczema (atopic dermatitis) | | | |
| Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) | | | |
| Lupus | | | |
| Multiple sclerosis | | | |
| Psoriasis | | | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | | | |
| Scleroderma | | | |
| Systemic sclerosis | | | |
| Ulcerative colitis | | | |
Cardiovascular
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) | | | |
| Cardiomyopathy | | | |
| Critical limb ischemia (CLI) | | | |
| Heart failure | | | |
| Peripheral artery disease (PAD) | | | |
| Surgery for congenital heart defects | | | |
Diabetes
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Type 1 diabetes (autoimmune) | | | |
| Type 2 diabetes | | | |
| Diabetic foot ulcer | | | |
| Diabetic peripheral neuropathy | | | |
Genetic and/or metabolic disorders
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Frailty associated with aging | | | |
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy | | | |
| Epidermolysis bullosa | | | |
| Hereditary ataxia | | | |
| Lysosomal storage diseases | | | |
| Metabolic syndrome | | | |
| Severe combined immunodeficiency | | | |
| Spinal muscular atrophy | | | |
| Tay-Sachs disease | | | |
Orthopedic
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | | | |
| Cartilage lesion | | | |
| Cleft palate repair | | | |
| Non-union fractures | | | |
| Osteoarthritis | | | |
| Osteochondral lesion | | | |
| Spinal fusion surgery | | | |
Others
| Diagnosis | Cord blood | Umbilical tissue | Placental tissue |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | | | |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) | | | |
| Erectile dysfunction | | | |
| Eye diseases | | | |
| Fistula | | | |
| HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) | | | |
| Liver cirrhosis | | | |
| Liver failure | | | |
| Peyronie's disease | | | |
| Kidney failure | | | |
| Premature ovarian insufficiency | | | |
| Injuries | | | |
| Uterine scars | | | |
